969  6LoWPAN: Comprehensive Review

969.1 Overview

This comprehensive review brings together everything youโ€™ve learned about 6LoWPAN (IPv6 over Low-power Wireless Personal Area Networks) through hands-on practice, performance analysis, and assessment. The content has been organized into focused chapters for better learning.

What is 6LoWPAN? An adaptation layer that makes IPv6 work on tiny wireless sensor networks by compressing headers and fragmenting large packets.

Problem Without 6LoWPAN With 6LoWPAN
IPv6 Header Size 40 bytes (too big!) 2-4 bytes (compressed)
Max Frame Size 127 bytes IEEE 802.15.4 Same, but efficient use
Payload Available 62 bytes (after headers) 100+ bytes (after compression)
Internet Connectivity None (no IP) Direct IPv6 addressing

969.2 Chapter Guide

This review is organized into four focused chapters:

969.2.1 1. Architecture and Border Routing

Deep dive into 6LoWPAN protocol stack and gateway design:

  • Protocol stack architecture (adaptation layer functions)
  • Border router design and configuration
  • Fragmentation pitfalls and reliability calculations
  • Tag collision prevention in large networks
  • Deployment topology selection

Key Topics: IPHC compression, fragmentation overhead, MAC-seeded tags, RPL DODAG root

969.2.2 2. Hands-On Labs

Practical implementation with Contiki-NG and Python:

  • Lab 1: Complete border router setup with tunslip6
  • Lab 2: CoAP sensor node implementation
  • Lab 3: Python client for sensor monitoring
  • Lab 4: Network simulation framework
  • Debugging with ping6, coap-client, and Wireshark

Key Topics: Contiki-NG, CoAP resources, aiocoap, TUN interface, network simulation

969.2.3 3. Performance Analysis

Quantitative analysis of 6LoWPAN behavior:

  • Header compression impact on battery life (2.1 to 6.3 years)
  • Fragmentation reliability calculations (exponential degradation)
  • IPHC bit-field decoding for Wireshark debugging
  • Tag collision probability analysis (birthday paradox)
  • Protocol selection: 6LoWPAN vs Zigbee vs Thread

Key Topics: Battery life calculations, reliability formulas, SAM/DAM modes, protocol comparison

969.2.4 4. Quiz and Assessment

Test your understanding and access resources:

  • 9 scenario-based multiple choice questions
  • Visual reference gallery with architecture diagrams
  • Key concepts summary
  • Additional learning resources (books, tools, standards)
  • Related chapter links

Key Topics: Addressing modes, RPL routing, context compression, mesh-under vs route-over

969.3 Prerequisites

Before working through this review, you should be familiar with:

969.4 Learning Path

Recommended order:

  1. Start with Architecture to understand the protocol stack and border router design
  2. Work through Labs for hands-on experience with real tools
  3. Study Analysis to understand performance implications
  4. Complete Quiz to validate your knowledge

Time estimate: 2-3 hours for complete review

969.5 Whatโ€™s Next

After completing this review, continue to Zigbee Fundamentals and Architecture to explore a higher-level network protocol built on IEEE 802.15.4 with application-level interoperability and proven smart home profiles.