The Installed-Link Margin

Ada re-derives this chapter’s own numbers step by step, at full precision

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Ada ADA · CALCULATION AUDIT

The Installed-Link Margin

A deployed 10 m, 2.44 GHz link starts with 0 dBm transmit power and a −95 dBm receiver, giving a comfortable 35 dB margin in line of sight — but routing it through three drywall partitions and one brick wall adds 24 dB of loss and cuts the margin to just 11 dB. A stronger parent recovers 7 dB, and a node reporting every five minutes turns three retries into 36 extra attempts an hour. This audit rebuilds the received-power ledger and asks whether that remaining headroom can survive walls, doors, and carts, or whether battery life stays unproven until those attempts are tied to measured radio-on time.

Companion to the chapter 802.15.4 Deployment Practices — every number here comes from that chapter.

One path-loss ledger, one retry warning, ~4 minutes

The physics is not hidden in the join result. Ada keeps the deployed link as a received-power ledger, then asks whether the remaining dB headroom can survive walls, doors, carts, and retries.

Rebuild the received-power ledger

The chapter’s 10 m, 2.44 GHz example starts with 0 dBm transmit power, near-0 dBi antennas, about 60 dB path loss, and −95 dBm receiver sensitivity.

line_of_sight_rx = 0 + 0 + 0 - 60 = -60 dBm
line_of_sight_margin = -60 - (-95) = 35 dB
wall_loss = 3 x 4 dB + 12 dB = 24 dB
through_walls_rx = -60 - 24 = -84 dBm
through_walls_margin = -84 - (-95) = 11 dB

Compare parents before accepting

The parent comparison uses the same sensitivity, so the stronger parent can be checked without inventing a new radio model.

parent_a_margin = -84 - (-95) = 11 dB
parent_b_margin = -77 - (-95) = 18 dB
extra_headroom = 18 - 11 = 7 dB

Parent B still needs LQI and retry evidence, but the link-budget math shows why it is the better first commissioning candidate.

Turn retries into a power gate

A node that reports every five minutes sends 12 reports per hour. Three extra retries per report become a measurable radio-on burden.

reports_per_hour = 60 / 5 = 12
extra_retry_attempts_per_hour = 12 x 3 = 36

The chapter does not state current or airtime for each retry, so Ada stops at the count. Battery life can be claimed only after those 36 attempts/hour are tied to measured radio-on time and current.

Every number above is taken from the chapter’s own installed-link example and re-derived step by step.