IoTClass / Inside the measurement
Conceptual · not to scale

Inside a Time-of-flight ranger

Peel from the case to the element. Follow the readout through this conceptual model.

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The full text version below describes every layer. All measurement explanations are available without 3D.
Case: emitter and receiver openingsOptical time-of-flight measures how long emitted light takes to return from a target. [Overview: Photons In, Current Out · Optical time-of-flight]

Drag to rotate; pinch to zoom. With the view focused: arrow keys rotate, + / − zoom, 1–3 choose a layer, Home resets rotation and zoom. Step advances to the next layer; Reset returns to the case and default view. Layer buttons select a view directly. The page does not move on its own.

Layer 1 of 3 / Outside

Case: emitter and receiver openings

Optical time-of-flight measures how long emitted light takes to return from a target. [Overview: Photons In, Current Out · Optical time-of-flight]

Teaching view: The dark cover has two optical openings above gold underside contacts. One opening sits over the emitter that sends light out; the other sits over the receiver that detects its return.

The measurement to rememberAn optical time-of-flight sensor sends out light and uses the time it takes to return to calculate distance. [Overview: Photons In, Current Out · Optical time-of-flight]

Full text version · every layer

1 · Case: emitter and receiver openings

Optical time-of-flight measures how long emitted light takes to return from a target. [Overview: Photons In, Current Out · Optical time-of-flight]

Teaching view: The dark cover has two optical openings above gold underside contacts. One opening sits over the emitter that sends light out; the other sits over the receiver that detects its return.

2 · Interface: light emitter and receiver

Optical time-of-flight modules use dedicated precision timing circuitry to measure the light’s return time. [Transimpedance and ToF Readout]

Teaching view: Removing the cover exposes a gold emitter beside a blue receiver on the package base. The emitter sends a pulse toward the target, and the receiver detects the returning light.

3 · Element: return-light receiver

For example, suppose light returns after 6.67 nanoseconds, or 0.00000000667 seconds. Using a light speed of 300,000,000 metres per second, the target distance is (300,000,000 metres per second × 0.00000000667 seconds) ÷ 2, or about 1.00 metre. The division accounts for travel to the target and back. [Transimpedance and ToF Readout]

Teaching view: The receiver surface contains a light-sensitive detector. Returning light produces an electrical signal in the detector. The timing circuit measures the delay between sending the light and detecting its return, then uses that delay to calculate the distance to the target.

Explode separates the conceptual layers; X-ray makes the case translucent. External package dimensions follow the model specification; internal teaching geometry is conceptual, not to scale, and is not manufacturer CAD or a wiring diagram.